Nouns:
•Concrete – name of something, a physical object (chair, table, wall)
•Abstract – the name of an idea/concept (love, courage, pride)
•Collective – the name for a group (murder of crows, herd of cattle)
•Common – a noun that follows the word ‘the’ (box, wall, door)
•Proper – A name, starts with capital letter (Shenfield, Bible, Saturday)
Noun Phrases are used to modify a noun, They are common in newspapers.
Original: A plane crash Noun Phrase: The most horrific plane . crash ever
Nouns can be used to:
•Create lexical cohesion
•Help paint a picture and describe a scene
•Create an emotional response from the reader
Adjectives:
•An adjective is a word or phrase that modifies or describes nouns and pronouns. They can be evaluative, emotive or descriptive.
•The painter took off his overalls and ate a meal.
•The weary painter took off his blue, green and white overalls and ate a day-old Chinese meal because he felt ravenous.
•Adjectives can be comparative (comparing one thing to another, e.g better, happier) or superlative (emphasising something about that thing, e.g best, happiest). The word ‘than’ always comes after a comparative adjective, and the word ‘the’ always comes before a superlative adjective.
Verbs:
/ Main Verb (action)
Base Form (infinitive)
\ Auxiliary Verb ---- Primary auxiliary
\ Modal Auxiliary
•Verb phrases are built around a head word (main verb). A modal auxiliary can be placed along a continuum to degress of strength towards commitment. E.g:
•Most Committed: Spurs must beat Man City
•Less Committed: Spurs should beat Man City
•Least Committed: Spurs might beat Man City
•Primary Auxiliaries help to distinguish tense (was/is/will be).
•Past: He was good at football.
•Present: He is good at football.
•Future: He will be good at football.
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